Geoscientific Model Development Discussions www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net 1991-9611 1991-962X 1 1 2008 10.5194/gmdd-1-1-2008 http://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/1/1/2008/ http://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/1/1/2008/gmdd-1-1-2008.html http://www.geosci-model-dev-discuss.net/1/1/2008/gmdd-1-1-2008.pdf 1 37 2008-03-27 GENIE-M: a new and improved GENIE-1 developed in Minnesota K. Matsumoto katsumi@umn.edu K. S. Tokos A. Price S. Cox Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA Southampton e-Science Center, Southampton, UK Here we describe GENIE-M, a new and improved version of the Grid ENabled Integrated Earth system model (GENIE), which is a 3-D earth system model of intermediate complexity. Main development goals of GENIE-M were to: (1) bring oceanic uptake of anthropogenic transient tracers within data constraints; (2) increase vertical resolution in the upper ocean to better represent near-surface biogeochemical processes; (3) calibrate the deep ocean ventilation with observed abundance of radiocarbon. We achieved all these goals through a transparent process of calibration that mostly consisted of objective model optimization. An important new feature in GENIE-M that dramatically improved the uptake of CFC-11 and anthropogenic carbon is the depth dependent vertical diffusivity in the ocean, which is spatially uniform in GENIE-1. In GENIE-M, biological production occurs in the top two layers above the compensation depth of 100 m and is modified, for example, by diagnosed mixed layer depth. In contrast, production in GENIE-1 occurs in a single layer with thickness of 175 m. 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